china-Taiwan conflict & why Taiwan is important to the rest of the world?

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Around Taiwan, China is conducting its largest-ever display of military might, including the firing of ballistic missiles. The military drills come after Nancy Pelosi, the speaker of the US House of Representatives, visited the island. China views Taiwan as a secessionist province that will eventually return to being ruled by Beijing. The self-governing island, with its own constitution and freely elected officials, perceives itself as different from the mainland. President Xi Jinping of China has stated that "reunification" with Taiwan "must be realized" and has left open the possibility of using force to accomplish this.


History of china-Taiwan

According to historical records, the island was first fully governed by China in the 17th century, when the Qing dynasty took it. After losing the first Sino-Japanese war, they later ceded the island to Japan in 1895. After Japan lost the Second World War, China seized the island once more in 1945. However, a civil war broke out in mainland China between Mao Zedong's Communist Party and Chiang Kai-nationalist shek's government forces. In 1949, the communists triumphed, seizing power in Beijing. Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang, the remnants of the nationalist party, retreated to Taiwan, where they dominated for the following several decades.
In order to prove that Taiwan was formerly a Chinese province, China cites this history. However, the Taiwanese claim that they were never a part of either the People's Republic of China, which was founded under Mao in 1949, or the contemporary Chinese state, which was initially formed following the revolution in 1911.


Location of Taiwan

Taiwan lies on the Asian continent, is also known as the Republic of China (according to one china policy. Major countries like USA, India do follow the one china policy). Off China's eastern shore is Taiwan. The East China Sea is to Taiwan's north. The Taiwan Strait is in the west, and the Pacific Ocean is to the east. Taiwan's southwest is bordered by the South China Sea.


Size of Taiwan

About 35,980 square kilometers make up Taiwan. In addition to the main island, Taiwan is made up of 64 islands in the Pescadores archipelago and 22 islands in the Taiwan group. There are roughly 23 million people living in Taiwan, the majority of whom are Han Chinese. Formosan, Hakka, Mandarin, and Taiwanese are the four primary languages spoken by residents of Taiwan.

Economic conditions of Taiwan

Based on PPP, Taiwan's economy, a highly developed free-market economy, is ranked 22nd in terms of GDP per capita. Because Taiwan's purchasing power ranks eighth in Asia and eighteenth worldwide, it belongs to the advanced economies category. 62.1 percent of its GDP is contributed by the services sector, with 36 percent and 1.8 percent coming from industry and agriculture, respectively. The world's largest producer of microchips is Taiwan.

Economic importance of Taiwan to the rest of the world

Taiwan, which has a population of 23 million people and an island the size of Maryland, is one of the richest nations in the world with a GDP (PPP) of $1.3 trillion, an expected nominal GDP of over $759 billion in 2021, and. For contrast, that puts its nominal GDP only below Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Switzerland and its population and GDP (PPP) close to those of Australia. Taiwan is also a significant economic partner for the US, ranking as our sixth-largest consumer of US agricultural products and our tenth-largest partner in terms of goods trade.
However, Taiwan's position in the global economy is much more crucial. The island was given the name Formosa by the Portuguese when they first discovered it in the sixteenth century. That translates to "beautiful isle," a picturesque tourist destination to which Taiwan was and undoubtedly still is. Today, it is also a technology centre in general and one of the world's most advanced semiconductor makers. Data centers, automobiles, smartphones, and other technological devices that are growing more and more crucial to society's everyday operations all depend on semiconductors. The present Covid-19 lockdowns and rapid shift to a digital world have only served to exacerbate the current global shortage of semiconductors.
Furthermore, Taiwan has made significant expenditures in infrastructure that supports startups as well as scientific research in order to establish itself as Asia's Silicon Valley. This goal has a reasonable chance of coming true thanks to Taiwan's strategic location as a gateway to the rest of Asia and its comparatively high economic freedom. Taiwan's economic prominence will probably only increase as it becomes a more well-liked location for investment, especially as it emerges from Covid-19 with an economy that was mostly unaffected by lockdowns. Due to this, it is now both a greater prize for China and a benefit to the free world.
Being a free and independent nation, Taiwan actively contributes to the development of a more prosperous and technologically advanced globe. With Taiwan under Chinese rule, the CCP has far more economic sway over any nation that rejects its authoritarian model. Not to mention that it will have eliminated a significant rival to Chinese technology, which has a history of serving as a tool for the CCP's surveillance state.

Strategic importance of Taiwan to the world

The Taiwan Relations Act, a bipartisan piece of legislation that has been crucial in defending not only the island nation but also vital US interests in the Asia-Pacific region, obliges the US to continue to support the security of Taiwan. The close ties of friendship between the US and Taiwan are just as self-serving for the US as they have been for the Taiwanese. A major strategic issue for US security interests is stopping China from controlling Taiwan, notwithstanding Taiwan's reputation as a haven of freedom and prosperity. China is also aware of this. The Asia-Pacific is under the power of whoever has Taiwan. a key global economic and strategic zone.
The Asia-Pacific is under the power of whoever has Taiwan. a key global economic and strategic zone. When he writes, "Drawing on past experience, the question is whether Taiwan would be as important a strategic asset to a potential aggressor in Asia today as it was for Japan in the 1940s," Joseph Bosco of the University of Nottingham's Taiwan Insight emphasizes Taiwan's strategic significance.


Taiwan was a colony under the rule of Japan during World War II. It was able to support soldiers in Korea and China from Taiwan and launch military incursions into the Philippines, Indonesia, and Australia. This is due to Taiwan's significant location at the heart of the First Island Chain, which extends from Japan all the way down to South East Asia and Australia. The Second Island Chain then takes its place, continuing east into the Pacific Ocean in the direction of Hawaii. Controlling Taiwan would give the Chinese military the ability to divide the Asia-Pacific in half and wage war against significant US strategic allies like Australia, South Korea, Japan in the north, and the ASEAN nations in the south.In a manner similar to what Imperial Japan did during World War II, it can then begin to extend its naval operations further into the Pacific Ocean.

The Chinese navy would be able to dominate the Pacific Ocean and its trade routes as well as exert more influence over the South China Sea thanks to Taiwan's deepwater ports. 40% of the world's natural gas traffic in 2017 and approximately $3.37 trillion worth of global trade passed through the South China Sea in 2016. Currently, a rules-based international order devoted to human rights, trade, and collaboration is upheld by the United States and its allies. A Chinese-controlled Taiwan would enable them to realize their goal of transforming the South China Sea, to which many nations have territorial claims, into a "Chinese Lake." Asian and global authoritarianism would increase if China were to dominate the region. China would be able to threaten to obstruct trade and freedom of movement with any nation that challenges its authoritarian methods, in addition to making additional territorial demands of more nations.



Summary 

Although Taiwan has long been a key concern for US foreign policy, the current situation probably makes it the most significant. The island is in the midst of a trifecta of extreme economic change, geopolitical instability on a global scale, and existential ideological conflict between liberty and tyranny. The stakes are at an all-time high since one wrong move might ignite a disastrous war between major world powers. The future of freedom and prosperity will be under danger if insufficient action is taken, not just in Asia but also globally.

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