Menstrual cramps and possible home cures to reduce the pain

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 What is menstrual cramp?

Menstrual cramps or the menstrual pain, medically termed as Dysmenorrhoea is the painful condition in the lower abdominal region caused by the uterine contractions during the periods (menstruation). The uterus sheds it's innermost lining that is endometrium during the menstruation which causes this pain. The pain is either throbbing or cramping in nature. The cramp pain can also cause the pain in lower back , groin and the upper thighs .

What causes these cramps?

The primary cause of menstrual cramps is the shedding of the endometrium lining of the uterus. But also depending upon the cause these cramps are differentiated into two types :-

1) Primary menstrual cramps 

Period pain caused by primary dysmenorrhea is the most prevalent type. Period pain that is not brought on by another illness. The main culprit is typically an excess of prostaglandins, which your uterus produces. These substances cause your uterus' muscles to contract and relax, which results in cramps. One or two days before to your menstruation, the pain may begin. Though it can linger longer in some women, it often only lasts a few days. When you are younger, right after you start having periods, you typically experience your first period pain. Frequently, pain decreases as you age. It's possible that the pain will be completely or partially reduced once you've given birth.

2) secondary menstrual cramps

Many times, secondary menstrual cramps begin later in life. It is brought on by disorders like endometriosis and uterine fibroids that affect your uterus or other reproductive organs. Over time, this form of pain frequently gets worse. It could start prior to the onset of your menstruation and go on during it.


Some major causes of menstrual cramps are 

I) Endometriosis

The endometrium develops inside the uterus but if in case of endometriosis, ones  endometrium typically grows in other areas of the  reproductive organs, such as the ovaries or fallopian tubes, outside of the uterus. The endometrium developing outside the uterus has nowhere to go when the  body attempts to remove uterine tissue during the  periods(menstruation). It might get stuck inside the body. This may result in excruciating cramps, copious bleeding, irritability, and inflammation. Modern medicine has made it possible to effectively treat the majority of endometriosis cases with drugs and surgeries.

II) Adenomyosis

Endometrium inserts itself into the uterine muscle wall in a disease known as adenomyosis. The endometrium typically affects one area, though it might affect the entire uterus muscle. Although adenomyosis is a treatable disorder, it can lead to excruciating cramping. Adenomyosis is more common in women who have given birth or who have had uterus surgery, while the exact cause is unknown.

III) Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

90% of women who are menstruating experiences the PMS, often known as premenstrual syndrome. PMS begins a few days before to the onset of your period and lasts during the first few of days of menstruation. Doctors believe that the drop in estrogen and progesterone levels that occurs just before the start of each cycle is what causes PMS. Menstrual cramps, exhaustion, and irritability are just a few of the symptoms of PMS.

IV) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

About 5% of menstruating women experience premenstrual dysphoric disorder, a more severe type of PMS. Although there is no known cause of PMDD, women who are depressed, stressed out, or have a family history of depression are more prone to experience it. Similar to PMS, but more severe, PMDD symptoms often include cramping that hurt more.

V) Fibroids 

The lining of the uterus can develop innocuous growths called uterine fibroids. They may be so minute as to be invisible to the unaided eye or they may be so large as to alter the shape of your uterus. They frequently decrease or disappear entirely after menopause and typically start during the reproductive years. While there is no way for doctors to predict who may get uterine fibroids, there are some things that can raise one's risk. These include getting older, having African American ancestry, being overweight, and having a history of fibroids in the family. Fibroids can result in painful menstrual cramps and heavy periods because they develop in the uterine lining.


Symptoms of menstrual cramps

A sharp, throbbing, or cramping ache in your lower abdomen. Pain that begins one to three days before to your period, peaks 24 hours after it begins, and goes away in two to three days. Dull, constant pain in the  thighs and lower back region. In some girls nausea , dizziness and headaches are also seen.

Treatment and cures

A) Home treatments 

I) Applying heat 

Your muscles can relax, blood flow can be improved, and tension can be relieved with a little heat. Try resting in a hot bath, using a heating pad while sitting, or taking a hot shower.

II) Massage therapy

Women with endometriosis who received massage therapy reported less pain during their periods. By calming the uterus, massages can lessen uterine spasms. The stomach region should be the primary focus of massage therapy in order to successfully treat cramps during periods. However, getting a full body massage that lowers your level of tension could also help with menstruation cramps.

III) Exercise

gentle exercise releases endorphins that make you feel happy, reduce pain and relax your muscles. Fifteen minutes of yoga, light stretching or walking might be all you need to feel better.

IV) Drink enough water 

Bloating can be uncomfortable and aggravate period cramps. Water consumption helps lessen period bloating and some of the associated pain. Additionally, consuming hot liquids can relax your muscles and improve blood flow throughout your body. By doing this, you may experience fewer uterine cramps.

V) Anti inflammatory foods 

Cramping may be naturally alleviated by a few tasty foods. Anti-inflammatory foods can ease uterine tension and improve blood flow. Pick up some berries, tomatoes, pineapples, and herbs and spices like turmeric, ginger, or garlic. Inflammation can also be reduced by eating leafy green vegetables, almonds, walnuts, and fatty fish like salmon.

B) Medical treatment and cures 

I) pain killers 

The day before you anticipate the start of your period, start taking regular doses of ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, and other brands) or naproxen sodium (Aleve) to ease pain. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications are also offered with a prescription.

II) Hormonal birth control

Hormones found in oral birth control pills stop ovulation and lessen the severity of menstrual cramps. Other methods of delivering these hormones include injections, skin patches, arm implants, flexible vaginal rings, skin implants under the skin, and intrauterine devices (IUD).

III) Surgery

Surgery to treat the condition that is causing your period cramps, such as endometriosis or fibroids, may relieve your symptoms. If alternative treatments don't help your symptoms and you don't want to have children, having your uterus surgically removed may be a possibility.

                                                    ~om.enigma

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